![]() ![]() However, tissue injury induced transient repression of Lpar genes and Enpp2. Clustering of FAPs identified populations representing distinct cell states with robust Lpar1 and Enpp2 transcriptome signatures in homeostatic cells expressing higher levels of markers Dpp4 and Hsd11b1. Lpar1 was expressed by mesenchymal fibro-adipogenic progenitors and tenocytes, whereas FAPs mainly expressed Enpp2. ![]() We show that the skeletal muscle system dynamically expresses the Enpp2- Lpar- Plpp gene axis, with Lpar1 being the highest expressed member among LPARs. Here, we use public bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets to explore the expression of Lpar 1–6, Enpp2, and Plpp genes under skeletal muscle homeostasis and regeneration conditions. Extracellular LPA is generated from lysophospholipids by the secreted hydrolase-ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2 also, AUTOTAXIN/ATX) and metabolised by different membrane-bound phospholipid phosphatases (PLPPs). Lysophosphatidic acid is a growth factor-like bioactive phospholipid recognising LPA receptors and mediating signalling pathways that regulate embryonic development, wound healing, carcinogenesis, and fibrosis, via effects on cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. ![]()
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